6 Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 how antigen exposure and selection shape the human antibody repertoire is fundamental to our understanding of B-cell immunity.6 Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 PMC article.5 Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712.4 Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712.3 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218.2 Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712.1 Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712.The processes that contribute to repertoire formation may appear to be stochastic, but in both species, evolution has left little to chance.Īntibody repertoires Comparative immunology Humoral immunity Public clonotypes Scaling and the immune system V(D)J recombination. We propose that it is the differences in the naïve repertoires of mice and humans, and the differences in the ways these repertoires are used, which ensure that the very different biological needs of the two species are met. Species like the mouse face challenges that are a direct consequence of their small body sizes and the limitations this places on the antibody arsenal-particularly early in ontogeny. By skewing repertoire formation toward such sequences, which probably target commonly encountered pathogens, it may be that the relatively small mouse repertoire is appropriate and effective despite its size. These clonotypes are the result of gene rearrangements that involve little gene processing. ![]() We show that the mouse repertoire includes a conspicuous population of public clonotypes that are shared by different individuals of an inbred strain. In this review, features of the naïve antibody repertoires of the two species are contrasted. The repertoires of mice and humans are both predictable, but they are strikingly different. Recently, however, analysis of high throughput gene sequencing data has shown that hard-wired biases in these processes result in antibody repertoires that are broadly predictable. Repertoire diversity has been described as the "miracle of immunology," and it was long thought to be the result of essentially stochastic processes. The immune systems of all mammals include populations of B cells producing antibodies with incredibly diverse specificities.
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